The only species, antiaris toxicaria is found throughout the old world tropics, from west africa to madagascar, and in sri lanka, india, indochina, southern china, thailand, throughout the malesian region, the pacific east to fiji and tonga, and northern australia. Distributed throughout the high forest zone of west, central, and east africa on widely varying sites. The genus antiaris was at one time considered to comprise several species, but is now regarded as just one variable species which can be further divided into five subspecies. Ipo, upas, antiaris toxicaria, sacking tree herbal medicine an illustrated compilation of philippine medicinal plants by dr godofredo umali stuart with botanical information, chemical properties, folkloric uses and research studies. Quantification of convallatoxin in antiaris toxicaria. Peripheral neuropathy is a common neurologic disease that accounts for a lot of physician visits aims. Chromatographic methods were used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents.
Cardiac glycosides from the bark of antiaris toxicaria. Their chemical structures were determined by ir, hresims, 1d and 2d nmr hsqc, 1 h 1 h cosy, hmbc, roesy. To facilitate species identification and provide genetic information, we determined the complete chloroplast genome of a. One significant difference within the species is that the size of the fruit increases. Upas, a javanese word meaning poison, and specially applied to the poison derived from the gum of the anchar tree antiaris toxicaria, a member of the figfamily moraceae, and a native of the sunda islands, which was commonly used to envenom the darts of the natives. The effects of the cardiac glycosides on apoptosis and the expression of orphan nuclear receptor nur77 were examined in human nihh460 lung cancer cells. List of various diseases cured by antiaris toxicaria.
Antiaris toxicaria in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. Anticonvulsant effects of antiaris toxicaria aqueous extract. Antiaris toxicaria article about antiaris toxicaria by the. Useful tropical plants database 2014 by ken fern, web interface by ajna fern with help from richard morris. Jul 23, 2010 an ethanolic extract of antiaris toxicaria trunk bark showed potent in vitro cardiotonic effect on isolated guinea pig atria. One significant difference within the species is that the size of the fruit increases as you travel from africa to polynesia. The genome was 161,412 bp in length, comprising a large singlecopy region lsc of 89,883 bp, a small singlecopy region ssc of 20,375 bp, and a pair. A taxonomic genus within the family moraceae the upas tree.
Animal models used include maximal electroshock test mest. Structural features of the purified compounds were identified by analyzing the physicochemical properties and spectroscopy characteristics. Department of agriculture agricultural research service. The preliminary phytochemical screening in different solvent extracts of antiaris toxicaria leaves, collected in the area anaikatti, coimbatore district exhibited variations in the presence of phytocompounds depends upon the polarity of solvents, the methanolic extract showed the presence of all phytoconstituents except alkaloids. Apr 26, 2017 antiaris toxicaria has previously shown anticonvulsant activity in acute animal models of epilepsy. Icr mice and spraguedawley rats were pretreated with aae 200800 mg. Its seeds are spread by various birds and bats and it is not clear. Creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike 3. There were a total of 3 compounds isolated from antiaris. The leaf is used to remedy various ailments but the. The genus antiaris was at one time considered to be comprised of several species, but is now regarded as just containing the one variable species antiaris toxicaria which can be further divided into five subspecies. The latex contains varying amounts of cardiac glycosides and can be very poisonous. Antiaris toxicaria antiaris, moraceae is a medicinal and extremely toxic species. The genus antiaris was at one time considered to comprise of several species, but is now regarded as just one variable species which can be further divided into five subspecies.
The seed extract was analysed on c 18 column utilizing water and acetonitrile as mobile phase under isocratic elution at 220 nm, therefore this method can be used for standardization by estimation of convallatoxin, a cardenolide in antiaris toxicaria. Files available from the acs website may be downloaded for personal use only. Names of antiaris toxicaria in various languages of the world are also given. Five new cardiac glycosides 15, namely antiaroside yzc together with 19 known compounds were obtained from the bark of antiaris toxicaria. Kyenkyen, chenchen ghana, mkuzu, mlulu tanzania, oro, ogiovu nigeria, kirundo, mumaka uganda, ako dahomey, senegal. Author links open overlay panel xiaosan li a mengjie hu b jie liu b qian liu a zhixing huang a shunlin li c xiaojiang hao c xiaokun zhang b xinsheng yao a jinshan. Its structure was elucidated on the basis of hrfabms and spectroscopic techniques ir, uv, 1d and 2d nmr.
Pdf a new cytotoxic 19norcardenolide from the latex of. Cardiac glycosides from the bark of antiaris toxicaria sciencedirect. One significant difference within the species is that the size of the fruit. Antiaris toxicaria moraceae a new distribution record to the eastern ghats. There are five or six species in the tropics of asia, africa, and madagascar. A new cytotoxic 19norcardenolide from the latex of antiaris. Iita headquarters pmb 5320, oyo road, ibadan 200001, oyo state.
Antiaris toxicaria has previously shown anticonvulsant activity in acute animal models of epilepsy. The present work aims to develop and validate a reversedphase high performance liquid chromatography hplc method for quantification of convallatoxin in antiaris toxicaria leusch. The genome was 161,412 bp in length, comprising a large singlecopy region lsc of 89,883 bp, a. Antiaris e um genero botanico pertencente a familia moraceae. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in antiaris toxicaria. The complete chloroplast genome of antiaris toxicaria, a. Evaluation of genetic diversity in antiaris toxicaria lesch. The database and code is licensed under a creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike 3.
Ipo, antiaris toxicarias, sacking tree herbal medicine. Compound 1 showed significant cytotoxicity against k562, sgc7901, smmc7721, and hela cell lines in vitro by mtt method. Guide to trees of papua new guinea copyright held by the authors, national herbarium of new south wales, and papua new guinea. Their structures were established using ms and nmr spectroscopic studies, including. Bmc res notes anticonvulsant effects of antiaris toxicaria aqueous extract. Antiaris toxicaria herb uses, benefits, cures, side. Cardiac glycosides from antiaris toxicaria with potent cardiotonic. Reaches a height of 120 to 150 ft with a straight, cylindrical bole clear to 70 ft. This page was last edited on 22 august 2018, at 21. Antiaris toxicaria moraceae was evaluated for anticonvulsant activity in rodents. Antiaris toxicaria is a tree in the mulberry and fig family, moraceae.
Antiaris toxicaria is a tree in the mulberry and fig family of moraceae. Cardiac glycosides from antiaris toxicaria with potent. The seed extract was analysed on c 18 column utilizing water and acetonitrile as mobile phase under isocratic elution at 220 nm, therefore this method can be used for standardization by estimation of. One significant difference within the species is that the size of the fruit increases as. An ethanolic extract of antiaris toxicaria trunk bark showed potent in vitro cardiotonic effect on isolated. Right now there are 404 articles and 1,254 registered users on this wiki. Antiaris toxicaria is a tree in the mulberry and fig family of. To evaluate the efficacy of a ghanaian herbal product prepared from the stem bark of antiaris toxicaria subsp. The aqueous extract aae was further investigated for activity in kindling with pentylenetetrazole and administration of pilocarpine and kainic acid which mimic temporal lobe epilepsy in various animal species.
A new norcardenolide, named toxicarioside h 1, was isolated from the latex of antiaris toxicaria pers. Antiaris article about antiaris by the free dictionary. Several of the cardiac glycosides induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells, which. How antiaris toxicaria is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Antiaris toxicaria, pharmacognostic, leaf microscopy, anatomical sectioning. The plant list does not attempt to include all infraspecific taxa. Pdf evaluation of genetic diversity in antiaris toxicaria. It can also be substituted for terminalia superba engl. Increase in latency to seizures as well as reduction in duration and frequency of seizures indicated. Schum and can be used as a substitute for the latter. The name of the upas tree has become famous from the mendacious account professedly by one foersch, who was a surgeon. You can also create new pages using the search box.
Bioassayguided fractionation of the extract led to identification of 9 new cardiac glycosides 19, named antiarosides ai, antiarotoxinin a 10, and 18 known compounds. It is the only species currently recognized in the genus antiaris. Antiaris toxicaria is one of such medicinal plants with a remarkably wide distribution in tropical regions. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. It has a remarkably wide distribution in tropical regions, occurring in australia, tropical asia, tropical africa, indonesia, philippines, tonga, and various other tropical islands. Bioassayguided fractionation of the extract led to identification of nine new cardiac glycosides 1. Jpg vinayara 30 january 20 creative commons attributionshare alike 3. The absolute configuration of sugar unit was defined by acid hydrolysis and appropriate derivatization. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Antiaris toxicaria article about antiaris toxicaria by. A new cytotoxic 19norcardenolide from the latex of.
Antiaris toxicaria palta north 24 parganas 20120411 9602. A handsome tree with the aspect of a large alnus, 3060 ft. Este artigo sobre a ordem rosales, integrado no projeto plantas e um esboco. Pdf antiaris toxicaria moraceae a new distribution record to. Antiaris toxicaria lesch welcome to pilikula nisarga dhama. Moraceae aqueous extract in rodents priscillakolibeamante,1 donatuswewuraadongo,1 ericwoode,1. Anticonvulsant effects of antiaris toxicaria aqueous. Phytochemical investigation of the latex of antiaris toxicaria resulted in the isolation of 15 new antiarosides jx 115 and 17 known cardiac glycosides. This page was last edited on 22 december 2019, at 09. An ethanolic extract of antiaris toxicaria trunk bark showed potent in vitro cardiotonic effect on isolated guinea pig atria. Antiaris toxicaria aqueous extract therefore possesses anticonvulsant activity. Antiproliferative cardiac glycosides from the latex of. A new cytotoxic 19norcardenolide from the latex of antiaris toxicaria. There are several recognized subspecies, but only subsp.
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